Nootropics (pronunciation: /noʊ.əˈtrɒpᵻks/ noh-ə-TROP-iks)—also called smart drugs and cognitive enhancers—are drugs, supplements, or other substances that improve cognitive function, particularly executive functions, memory, creativity, or motivation, in healthy individuals.
Real Nootropics
Here is why i recommend lariese's Hemps seeds, as they actually enlighten you to the ingredients
What the establishment thinks Nootropics are
NootropicsThey work in a variety of different ways, though many share similar mechanisms of action. Some increase the supply of neurtransmitters and other neurochemicals that are involved in intra- and inter-neuron communication as well as brain signalling pathways related to cognition, memory formation and recall. Some may enhance brain activity by modulating neuroreceptors, increasing the uptake of oxygen, glucose and other nutrients into brain cells or by promoting the underlying health of brain systems. Still other nootropics have been shown to stimulate the development of new neurons ans synapses, increases the overall plasticity of the brain.
Piracetam – also known as 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide – is a cyclic derivative of the neurochemical GABA. This original nootropic is a positive modulator for receptoprs of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter which plays a role in fluid intelligence and short-term working memory capacity. Piracetam is also believed to improve the membrane permeability of neurons which enhances overall neuronal function as it relates to communication, healthy development and synaptic plasticity. This nootropic is reported by users to improve focus, attentiveness, memory formation and recall, information processing as well as several factors related to mood. It is used as an off-label ADHD treatment and remains to this day the most popular nootropic among first-time users.
Oxiracetam – (RS)-2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide – is both a Racetam and an Ampakine that is said to be 4-6 times stronger than Piracetam. It increases brain activity in cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways and exhibits some stimulant-like effects. Oxiracetam is particularly noted for improving reasoning, verbal processing, spatial learning. logical and mathematical thinking as well as focus and memory. Noopept – N-Phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester – is not technically a Racetam, though it is derived from this class and use a similar mechanisms of action. It has a different chemical structure which technically makes it a neuropeptide, said to be over 1000x times more concentrated than Piracetam. The effective dosage for Noopept powder is between 10 – 40 mg which is exceptional small in comparison to other Racetams. Noopept demonstrates very high affinity for ACh, AMPA and NDMA receptors that relate to short-term and long-term memory.
Phenylpiracetam – (RS)-2-(2-oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide – was synthesized by adding a phenyl group molecule to Piracetam’s chemical structure. This alteration has made it significantly more bioavailable than its progenitor and with a 60x greater potency. It is a positive modulator of acetylcholine and glutamate synaptic receptors and may be able to increase the density of hippocampal NMDA receptors. These receptors are integral to the process of Long-Term Potentiation which is how memories are stored as connections between neurons. Phenylpiracetam also raises Dopamine and Noradrenalin levels in the brain which gives it both mood-enhancing and mentally stimulating properties. It is described as producing intense focus, mental drive and motivation while also enhancing memory consolidation and physical performance. Nefiracetam – N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide – is a Racetam with a similar chemical structure to Aniracetam. It is believed to increase brain activity by potentiating excitatory neurotransmission through prolonging the opening of calcium channels. It also binds to nicotinic Acetylcholine receptors and enhances communication in GABAergc, Cholinergic, monoaminergic and glutamatergic neuronal systems. Nefiracetam is highly cytoprotective and may be able to treat individuals suffering from cognitive decline as well as Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular dementia.
Choline – 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium – is a water-soluble essential nutrient that was recently named to the B-complex family of vitamins. It is necessary for the development and maintenance of health brain cell membranes to ensure effective signalling, structural integrity and neuronal fluidity. This nutrient is also used alongside acetic acid to synthesizes acetylcholine in neurons. Sources of choline are commonly used alongside the Racetams in nootropic stacks due to their complimentary mechanisms of action. The American Institute of Medicine recommends that adults get at least 425 – 550 mg of choline in their diets every day. However, as much as 90% of the population is estimated to be deficient in this nutrient. Increasing choline intake by eating foods such as eggs, chicken, soy lecithin, wheat germ and cod fish may improve mental performance and prevent age-related cognitive decline.
Piracetam (sold under many brand names) is a nootropicdrug in the racetams group, with chemical name 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide. It shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with pyroglutamic acid. Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of GABA. In the United States, it is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for any medical use and it is not permitted to be sold as a dietary supplement.[1][2] In the UK, piracetam is prescribed mainly for myoclonus,[3] but is used off-label for other conditions. Evidence to support its use for many conditions is unclear. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (γ-Aminobutyric acid) /ˈɡæməəˈmiːnoʊbjuːˈtɪrᵻkˈæsᵻd/ (also called GABA/ˈɡæbə/ for short) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammaliancentral nervous system. It plays the principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone.[2] Although in chemical terms it is an amino acid, GABA is rarely referred to as such in the scientific or medical communities, because the term "amino acid," used without a qualifier, by convention refers to the alpha amino acids, which GABA is not, nor is it considered to be incorporated into proteins. http://nootriment.com/nootropics-list/
Neutricutical Nootropics (When i have a nutritional nootropic meal there is an accompanying head spin of nutrition hitting the brain :) this is how i know. such as with this recipe, which has been my dinner not dessert many times. jalna biodynamic(as the flavour so sugarless) yogurt, 3 scoops, maybe 60 g hemp seeds, small handful bee pollen, half tablespoon manuka honey 120+, 10g dulces seaweed, some raw cacao nibs, moringa powder. -accompanied with a goji berry moringa tea)
Bee Pollen: http://foodmatters.tv/.../10-amazing-health-benefits-of... Here Are Just 10 Great Reasons To Add Fresh Bee Pollen To Your Daily Diet!1. Energy Enhancer - The range of nutrients found within bee pollen makes it a great natural energizer. The carbohydrates, protein and B vitamins can help keep you going all day by enhancing stamina and fighting off fatigue. 2. Skin Soother - Bee pollen is often used in topical products that aim to treat inflammatory conditions and common skin irritations like psoriasis or eczema. The amino acids and vitamins protect the skin and aid the regeneration of cells. 3. Respiratory System - Bee pollen contains a high quantity of antioxidants that may have an anti-inflammatory effect on the tissues of the lungs, preventing the onset of asthma. 4. Treating Allergies – Pollen reduces the presence of histamine, ameliorating many allergies. Dr. Leo Conway, M.D of Denver Colorado, reported that 94 percent of his patients were completely free from allergy symptoms once treated with oral feeding of pollen. Everything from asthma to allergies to sinus problemswere cleared, confirming that bee pollen is wonderfully effective against a wide range of respiratory diseases. 5. Digestive System - In addition to healthful vitamins, minerals and protein, bee pollen contains enzymes that can aid in digestion. Enzymes assist your body in getting all the nutrients you need from the food that you eat. 6. Immune System Booster - Pollen is good for the intestinal flora and thereby supports the immune system. According to holistic health expert Dr. Joseph Mercola, bee pollen has antibiotic-type properties that can help protect the body from contracting viruses. It's also rich in antioxidants that protect the cells from the damaging oxidation of free radicals. 7. Treats Addictions – Used holistically for healing addictions and inhibiting cravings by suppressing impulses. Because bee pollen crashes cravings, it is a very useful research is needed into this benefit, particularly when it comes to weight management. 8. Supports the Cardiovascular System - Bee Pollen contains large amounts of Rutin; an antioxidant bioflavonoid that helps strengthen capillaries, blood vessels, assists with circulatory problems and corrects cholesterol levels. Its potent anti-clotting powers could help prevent heart attack and stroke. 9. Prostate Aid - Men who suffer from benign prostate hyperplasia can find relief by using bee pollen. Bee pollen can help reduce inflammation to stop frequent urges to urinate. 10. Infertility Problems - Bee pollen stimulates and restores ovarian function, therefore may be used to assist in accelerating pregnancy. As well as being a hormonal booster it is also a great aphrodisiac!
bee pollen is 40% protein! http://www.mercola.com/article/diet/bee_pollen.htm According to researchers at the Institute of Apiculture, Taranov, Russia: "Honeybee pollen is the richest source of vitamins found in Nature in a single food. Even if bee pollen had none of its other vital ingredients, its content of rutin alone would justify taking at least a teaspoon daily, if for no other reason than strengthening the capillaries. Pollen is extremely rich in rutin and may have the highest content of any source, plus it provides a high content of the nucleics RNA [ribonucleic acid] and DNA [deoxyribonucleic acid]." The pollen used in this study was supplied by the Division of Bee Culture and, according to the report, "was the bee-gathered type." One group of mice was fed mice chow only; another group was fed mice chow with the addition of bee pollen at a ratio of 1 part bee pollen to 10,000 parts food. Dr. Robinson's article states: "Particular attention was given to the weight of the treated animals, since underweight can in itself bring about a delay in tumor development. No decrease in weight occurred in the animals receiving the pollenized food. Instead, a slight but fairly uniform increase was noted, possibly due to a nutritional factor in pollen." In his summary, Dr. Robinson reveals the dramatic results: "In the untreated mice [the mice not given bee pollen], mammary tumors appeared as expected at an average of 31.3 weeks. Tumor incidence was 100 percent. In the postponement series, [the mice given bee pollen], the average [onset of tumors] was 41.1 weeks, a delay of 9.8 weeks being obtained. Seven mice in this series were still tumor-free at 56 to 62 weeks of age, when the tests were terminated. I would like to emphasize that these mice were especially bred to die from cancerous tumors. Without the protection of bee pollen in their food, the mice developed tumors and died right on schedule.” A report from the Agronomic Institute, Faculty of Zootechnics, Romania, showed the immune-strengthening effects of bee pollen. According to the report"Comparative Studies Concerning Biochemical Characteristics of Beebread as Related to the Pollen Preserved in Honey" by Drs. E. Palos, Z. Voiculescu, and C. Andrei: "An increase has been recorded in the level of blood lymphocytes, gamma globulins, and proteins in those subjects given pollen in comparison with control groups. The most significant difference occurred in lymphocytes. These results thus signify a strengthening in the resistance of the organic system." Infertility Problems: Pollen stimulates ovarian function. The best results were obtained with a pollen supplementation of 2 parts per 100 in the ration, and with the substitution of animal proteins with pollen in a proportion of 5 parts per 100. The intensity of ovulation increased. Parallel to this increase in ovulation, pollen also improves the ability of eggs to withstand the incubation period. The best results were obtained with a quantity of 4 parts per 100 of pollen added to the ration, resulting in an increase in the percentage of eggs in respect to the control group. The application of pollen is recommended whenever the end result is obtaining eggs for reproduction. Relief of hay fever, pollen-induced asthma, with ever increasing control of bronchitis, ulcers of the digestive tract, colitis, migraine headaches, and urinary disorders were all totally successful. Alex Woodly, then executive director of the prestigious Education Athletic Club in Philadelphia, said: "Bee pollen works, and it works perfectly. Pollen allows super-stars to increase their strength and stamina up to 25 percent. This increase in strength and endurance may be the key to the secret regenerative power of bee pollen. Bee pollen causes a definite decrease in pulse rate. The whole beauty of bee pollen is that it's as natural as you can get. No chemicals. No steroids." -Bee Pollen and Weight Control (another subheading to large to copy paste) -Health and Beauty Dr. Essen says, "Through transcutaneous nutrition, bee pollen exerts a profound biological effect. It seems to prevent premature aging of the cells and stimulates growth of new skin tissue. It offers effective protection against dehydration and injects new life into dry cells.
Rutin: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutin Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, is the glycoside between the flavonol quercetin and thedisaccharide rutinose (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6))-β-D-glucopyranose). Role as ligand: [edit]It can combine with cations,[which?] supplying nutrients from the soil to the cells in plants.[citation needed] In humans, it attaches to the iron ion Fe2+, preventing it from binding to hydrogen peroxide, which would otherwise create a highly reactive free radical that may damage cells[citation needed]. It is also an antioxidant[citation needed]. Furthermore, it has been shown to inhibit in vitro the vascular endothelial growth factor[9] in subtoxic concentrations, so acts as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. This finding may have potential relevance for the control of some cancers.
http://www.healthline.com/health/potential-benefits-of-rutin In one study, doses of rutin given to guinea pigs suffering from osteoarthritis managed to slow down the development of lesions. Scientists also saw evidence to suggest that rutin, in combination with other substances, can have anti-inflammatory effects. Additional studies are needed to explore rutin's health benefits in treating osteoarthritis.
(best link most information!! on rutin) http://www.raysahelian.com/rutin.html M.D. Benefits -Rutin inhibits platelet aggregation, making the blood thinner and improve circulation. -Has anti-inflammatory activity. Rutin inhibits aldose reductase activity. Aldose reductase is an enzyme normally present in the eye and elsewhere in the body. It helps change glucose (sugar - glucose) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells can damage these cells, leading to retinopathy and neuropathy. Substances that prevent or slow the action of aldose reductase are being studied as a way to prevent or delay these complications of diabetes. Aldose reductase is the first enzyme in the sorbitol pathway. This pathway is responsible for the conversion of glucose to sorbitol, and of galactose to galactitol. Under conditions of hyperglycemia, sorbitol accumulation occurs. Aldose reductase inhibitors prevent the accumulation of intracellular sorbitol. Anti-Tumor Effect of Rutin on Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines through --Inducing G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Promoting Apoptosis. -Also, it was identified that rutin is the major low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antioxidant compound of mulberry in an in vitro study. The effects of rutin were tested by using it as a supplement in a high-cholesterol diet. Our results indicate that rutin in combination with lovastatin showed improvement in lowering cholesterol levels in an animal model. -against hyperglycemia and diabetes; Rutin inhibits aldose reductase activity. Aldose reductase is an enzyme normally present in the eye and elsewhere in the body. It helps change glucose (sugar - glucose) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells can damage these cells, leading to retinopathy and neuropathy. Substances that prevent or slow the action of aldose reductase are being studied as a way to prevent or delay these complications of diabetes. Aldose reductase is the first enzyme in the sorbitol pathway. This pathway is responsible for the conversion of glucose to sorbitol, and of galactose to galactitol. Under conditions of hyperglycemia, sorbitol accumulation occurs. Aldose reductase inhibitors prevent the accumulation of intracellular sorbitol. -Rutin for dyskinesia; Protective effect of rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid against haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia and associated behavioural, biochemical and neurochemical changes. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2007. Centre with Potential for Excellence in Biomedical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh , India. The occurrence and irreversibility of tardive dyskinesia, a motor disorder of the orofacial region, resulting from chronic neuroleptic treatment has been considered a major clinical issue in the treatment of schizophrenia. Several animal studies have demonstrated an enhancement of oxidative damage and increased glutamatergic transmission after chronic administration of neuroleptics. The present study investigated the effect of rutin, an antioxidant in haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia. Chronic administration of haloperidol (1 mg/kg i.p. for 21 days) significantly increased vacuous chewing movements, tongue protrusions and facial jerking in rats, which were significantly inhibited by rutin. Haloperidol also induced oxidative damage in all regions of brain which was prevented by rutin, especially in the subcortical region containing striatum. The findings of the present study suggested the involvement of free radicals in the development of neuroleptic-induced orofacial dyskinesia, a putative model of TD, and rutin as a possible therapeutic option to treat this hyperkinetic movement disorder. -Glaucoma; Perhaps rutin can be of help in reducing intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2012. Oral administration of forskolin and rutin contributes to intraocular pressure control in primary open angle glaucoma patients under maximum tolerated medical therapy. -Our results suggest that rutin may be useful for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinogenesis via attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. -Both hesperidin and rutin can prevent HDL from copper-induced oxidative modification in vitro. This result suggests that they might have antiatherogenic effect. -these results indicate that the antiplatelet activity of rutin may involve the following pathways: rutin inhibited the activation of phospholipase C, followed by inhibition of protein kinase C activity and thromboxane A(2) formation, thereby leading to inhibition of the phosphorylation of P47 and intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, finally resulting in inhibition of platelet aggregation. -Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine and rutin on the lipid peroxidation of the lung epithelium during the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Ethane and MDA concentrations were significantly reduced in the treatment groups after day 6. GSH was 30% increased in the treatment groups. No significant variations were observed in the control group until day 9. The trial confirms that NAC and rutin are efficient in protecting the lungs of patients with ARDS.
Neuropharmacological Review of the Nootropic Herb Bacopa monnieri http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3746283/
Abstract" This review synthesizes behavioral research with neuromolecular mechanisms putatively involved with the low-toxicity cognitive enhancing action of Bacopa monnieri (BM), a medicinal Ayurvedic herb. BM is traditionally used for various ailments, but is best known as a neural tonic and memory enhancer. Numerous animal and in vitro studies have been conducted, with many evidencing potential medicinal properties. Several randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have substantiated BM's nootropic utility in humans. There is also evidence for potential attenuation of dementia, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Current evidence suggests BM acts via the following mechanisms—anti-oxidant neuroprotection (via redox and enzyme induction), acetylcholinesterase inhibition and/or choline acetyltransferase activation, β-amyloid reduction, increased cerebral blood flow, and neurotransmitter modulation (acetylcholine [ACh], 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT], dopamine [DA]). BM appears to exhibit low toxicity in model organisms and humans; however, long-term studies of toxicity in humans have yet to be conducted. This review will integrate molecular neuroscience with behavioral research. Introduction: Cognitive enhancement typically exacts a toxicological and psychological toll.1–4 The milieu of nootropic phytochemicals found within Bacopa monnieri (BM), primarily triperpenoid saponins called bacosides, exhibit minimal observable adverse effects at standard dosages. BM demonstrates anti-oxidant,5hepatoprotective,6 and neuroprotective7 activity. Emerging research demonstrates several mechanisms of action—acetylcholinesterase inhibition, choline acetyltransferase activation, β-amyloid reduction, increased cerebral blood flow, and monoamine potentiation.
3,3’ Diindolylmethane (DIM) is created inside the body when digesting cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, turnips, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, kale, cauliflower and others. It is a dimeric form of I3C (indole-3-carbinol) which is contained in high concentrations in vegetables from the Brassicaceae family. Diindolylmethane supplement are used for a number of different health-boosting reasons and show diverse medicinal properties. The US National Cancer Institute has begun large-scale human trials addressing DIM’s potentials for combating various cancer cell lines. It is also used for PMS symptoms, and as a first-line treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Diindolylmethane is also said to have anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, antiviral, antibacterial, antiandrogenic, antiproliferative and hormone-balancing actions.
Diindolylmethane is a phytonutrient that is able to affect the body’s production of estrogen metabolites. When taken orally, DIM promotes a healthy estrogen balance by reducing the production of 16-hydroxy “bad” estrogen and increasing the production of 2-hydroxy “good” estrogens. This has a number of positive effects in the body for both males and females. DIM seems particularly effective at alleviating symptoms of estrogen dominance. In women, this may help improve PMS symptoms, menopause symptoms and even support weight loss. In men, this can prevent feminization of the body such as the development of gynecomastia or male breast tissue.
Diindolylmethane is also believed to have anti-cancer effects. Dr. H. Leon Bradlow discovered 20 years ago that women with uterine or breast cancer often have excess levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen and low levels of the 2-hydroxy type. 16-hydroxy is said to be an unregulated form of estrogen that can cause an estrogen imbalance, resulting in abnormal growth, cell mutations and increasing the risk of certain cancers. Researchers are currently investigating the anti-cancer effects of Diindolylmethane in animal studies as well as in in vitro models. In rodent models with cell xenografts from human breast cancer cell lines, diindolylmethane seemed to inhibit angiogenesis. This is the process by which new blood vessels are formed to deliver nutrients to cancerous cells. It is a necessary step in order for cancers to grow and divide. DIM may be able to slow the progression of cancers by inhibiting new blood vessels from forming. This seemed to be accomplished by limiting the synthesis of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Multiple studies have replicated these results. Additionally, in studies involving human cancer cell lines, diindolylmethane administration seems to impede transcriptional actions of HIF-1alpha, an integral regulatory factor in angiogenesis. Diindolylmethane for Arthritis and Inflammation : DIM is also touted for its anti-inflammatory properties and for providing relief from arthritis symptoms. In animal experiments, DIM exhibits positive effects concerning arthritis and osteoclastogenesis. Diindolylmethane administration seems to attenuate histologic and clinical inflammation indices. Inflammatory cytokine expression is reduced, however there has been no shown effects concerning the direct prevention of arthritis. Notably, expression of RANKL (receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) seems to be effectively decreased via DIM supplementation. Suppression of RANKL is believed widely to slow down osteoclastogenesis. In animal tests, diindolylmethane administration seems to impede inflammatory enzymes and mediators including iNOS (nitric oxide synthase), C-X-C motif (chemokine), interleukin ((IL)-6) and (CXCL) 5 (ligand). AP-1 (activator protein) signaling enhancement is also believed to add to the anti-inflammatory effects of DIM.
In women with moderate to severe cervical dysplasia, 2 mg daily doses of DIM seemed to improve HPV status histology reports, PAP smear results and/or colposcopic impressions when compared to placebo group subjects.
In patients with prostatic adenocarcinomas, 600 mg doses of DIM daily over 28 days seemed to significantly decrease prostate-specific levels of antigens.
Currently, diindolylmethane therapy is being used by Western doctors to treat recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). RRP is a condition in which tumors develop in the upper respiratory tract because of HPV. DIM was well tolerated and promising as an immunostimulating agent in one clinical study involving 64 middle-aged women with HPV cervical infections. Subsequently, a double-blind, placebo-based study of 600 women with cervical dysplasia failed to show any significant results. http://nootriment.com/diindolylmethane/
Fucus vesiculosus, a type of seaweed known as bladderwrack:
Cardiovascular Effects : Fucus vesiculosus contains fucans and fucoidans, components which show anticoagulant, or blood-thinning, properties in laboratory research, according to the NIH. Additionally, fucosterols in this substance reduce plasma cholesterol levels, as explained by the MSKCC. The plant may lower high blood pressure because it inhibits angiotensin-I-converting enzyme. Medications with this effect, called ACE inhibitors, are commonly used to treat high HypothyroidismBecause Fucus vesiculosus contains iodine, it might be useful for treating underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) caused by low iodine levels in the body. The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) cautions that most cases of underactive thyroid in developed countries are not due to iodine deficiency, and people should consult a doctor before using Fucus vesiculosus for this purpose. Too much iodine can actually cause hypothyroidism and also can lead to an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism). blood pressure. http://www.livestrong.com/article/117965-fucus-vesiculosus-uses/
Seaweed contains a massive variety of health-promoting components as compared to the majority of other plant and animal-based foods available on land. It is a rich source of essential minerals such as magnesium,calcium, copper, potassium, selenium, zinc, iodine, and iron, while also containing a very low amount of fats. It is also a treasure trove of antioxidants, phytonutrients and rich fiber content that is required by the body.Vitamins present in seaweed are vitamin A, B, C, E and K. Seaweeds also contains omega-3 fatty acids and all the vital amino acids necessary for the body as per the WHO & FAO guidelines. Health Benefits of SeaweedSeaweed offers many health benefits that have been detailed below. Cancer: Seaweeds contains cancer-fighting agents that may prove useful in curing tumors and other cancer conditions like colon cancer and leukemia. Brown seaweed such as kelp, wakame, and kombu contain glycoprotein and sulphated polysaccharides called fucoidans that possess immuno-stimulant, anti-viral, and anti-cancer properties. Research studies on the effectiveness of dietary seaweed on breast cancer have shown promising results in reducing the production of cancer-promoting hormones, including estrogen, and have the ability to inhibit the proliferation of malignant cancer cells. Source of Iodine: Seaweed is a rich source of iodine, which it absorbs in ample amounts from the sea water. Iodine is a vital nutrient required for proper growth for all age groups. It is essential for the normal regulation of thyroid function, which also involves the brain and pituitary gland. The thyroid hormone also plays an essential role in the process of myelination of the central nervous system in newborns. A deficiency of iodine in the body can result in abnormalitiessuch as thyroid enlargement or goiter, hypothyroidism, and mental retardation. Iodine is extremely crucial in pregnancy and breastfeeding for the normal development of the brain cells of the baby. Deficiency during these periods or early childhood can lead to weak intellectual growth and abnormal development of the brain. Obesity: Scientific research has shown that edible seaweed possesses anti-obesity effects. The compound fucoxanthin present in seaweed helps in reducing the accumulation of fats and aidsweight loss. Due to its ability to promote the oxidation of fats, seaweed is used in making prescription diet pills and gastric banding pills. These pills should always be considered after consultation with a medical professional. Digestive Health: Seaweed has a mild laxative effect and is quite useful in maintaining healthy digestion. It aids in stimulating the release of digestive enzymes, supporting the absorption of nutrients, and facilitating the metabolism of fats. Studies have shown that polysaccharides exert prebiotic effects on the gut, which helps in normal functioning of beneficial stomach bacteria and shields the stomach wall against harmful bacteria. Diabetes: The Fucoxanthin compound present in brown algae has been proven effective in exerting anti-diabetic effects. Along with this, the triglyceride absorption of seaweed Laminaria japonica, also known as kombu, has been praised for its effect on diabetes. As stated by the research, the anti-diabetic effect can be attributed to the presence of alginic acid in the seaweed kombu. Dental Health: Seaweed extracts have long been appreciated for their preventative effect in the growth of dental cavities. The anti-inflammatory properties are responsible for the improvement in the functioning of salivary glands and making the oral tissues more resistant to damage. Alginate, a salt of alginic acid extracted from seaweed, is quite useful in the fabrication of dental molds. Anti-Coagulant: Laboratory research has made it evident that seaweed possesses antioxidant and anti-coagulant properties. Anti-coagulants, also known as blood thinners, prevent the formation of blood clotsand decrease the threat of stroke, cardiac failure, and obstruction in the veins and arteries. The polysaccharides called fucoidans, which are present in brown algae, such as Turbinaria ornate, kelp, andbladderwrack exert this beneficial effect. Detoxification: Seaweed possesses the ability to detoxify and cleanse the body and facilitates the excretion of toxic waste. The binding property of the natural absorbent, alginate, which is present in seaweed, makes toxic materials, including heavy metals like lead, mercury, and other pollutants indigestible and eliminated them from the body through bowel movements. Influenza: Seaweed possesses anti-viral properties that have been proven promising in providing a protective effect against Influenza B virus. Seaweed extracts obstruct the absorption of harmful viral particles in the cells and prevents the body from getting infected. Cardiovascular Health: Seaweed has been useful in sustaining lower levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the body. This helps in maintaining a healthy heart, smooth circulation in the blood vessels, and preventsfatal conditions like heart failure, atherosclerosis, and peripheral artery ailments. Radiation Poisoning: Seaweed has the ability to protect the skin from damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet B radiation from sunlight. This defensive effect can be attributed to the presence of fucoxanthin in the seaweed, which aids in preventing cell damage and enhancing the survival rate of the pre-treated cells. The antioxidant effect of fucoxanthin protects the skin from photo-aging, pigmentation, and wrinkle formation, while also making it an effective component to be used in the cosmetic industry for the manufacturing of sunscreens. Various research studies conducted to investigate the radio-protective effect of seaweed extracts against the exposure to gamma radiations have shown positive results. Protects Your Eyes: The anti-ocular inflammatory effect exerted by fucoxanthin, present in seaweed, has shown promising results in the prevention of after-cataract. This complication is also known as posterior capsule opacification which can occur after cataract surgery. Fucoxanthin is utilized in the formulation of products used in ocular implants in the cataract surgery to avoid the risk of after-cataract. Healthier Skin: The wealth of essential vitamins, minerals, amino acids and antioxidants in seaweed helps in keeping the skin revitalized, moisturized, and youthful. These elements guard the skin against the harmful effects of environmental pollutants and helps to slow down the skin’s aging process. Scientific research has made it evident that seaweed extracts contain anti-aging properties and are a useful ingredient in the manufacturing of skin care cosmetics. The anti-inflammatory properties present in seaweed are useful in treating skin rashes and wounds. The phytonutrients elevate blood flow and bring a healthy glow to the face. Seaweed wraps detoxify and cleanse the skin by expelling toxins out of the pores. Seaweed baths have also been admired among British and Irish people for ages due to their therapeutic effects. Hair Care: The high mineral content of seaweed also aids in maintaining healthy hair. They help in strengthening the roots and shafts of hair follicles and make them thick and lustrous. Due to this beneficial effect, it has been proven valuable in the manufacturing of shampoos and hair creams. Culinary Usage: Some seaweed has a nice flavor and is served as a delicacy in many Asian countries such as Japan, China, and Korea. Nori, Kombu, and wakame are some of the most commonly grown and used species in these countries. Famous Japanese sushi roll uses seaweed called nori as an ingredient with rice and raw fish. Seaweed such as agars and carrageenans are used in many processed food items like yogurt, health drinks, non-vegetarian dishes, and even high-quality German beer. The harvesting of seaweed is done toextract phycocolloids such as agar, carrageenan, and alginate to use them as food additives or preservatives for fish, meat dishes, and baked items. Other Uses of SeaweedManufacturing Usage: Seaweed is a good emulsifier and possesses good water holding, oil holding, gelling, and binding properties which makes them quite useful in food and industrial applications. Seaweed is used as a binding agent in making jellies, gels, adhesives, paints, and dental creams. They are also used as softening agents in the cosmetic industry for making organic skin care products. Plant Growth: Seaweed also provides a range of benefitsfavorable for the growth of plants. They aid in the formation of roots, provide better resistance, and enhance the yield and shelf life of harvested crops. They are used in the manufacturing of fertilizers and soil conditioners. Waste Water Treatment: Seaweed can also be utilized in the treatment of waste water. They have been quite effective in the treatment of agricultural waste and sewage to lower the toxic content of water, such as nitrogen and phosphorous before the water reaches the rivers or lakes. They also help to get rid of the toxic metals from the waste released by those industries. Fish and Cattle Feed: Seaweed is considered a good option for feeding fish and cattle that dwell in coastal areas. It offers an immense range of health benefits and is appreciated for its distinct flavor. However, there are a few side effects which should be taken into consideration when including seaweed in your diet. Side Effects of SeaweedExcess Iodine – The consumption of excess seaweed may increase the quantity of iodine above acceptable levels. This can raise the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which can cause serious conditions like thyroid and goiter. These conditions can heighten the risk of thyroid cancer. Certain cases of iodine-inducedthyrotoxicosis have also been reported after the consumption of iodine-rich seaweed when suffering from a thyroid complication. Medical professionals advise the people with underlying thyroid conditions to avoid medication containing iodine, as their bodies might fail to adapt to excessive iodine content. As per the guidelines set by the Food and Nutrition Board, the daily requirement of iodine for adults is 150 mcg per day and the tolerable upper limit is 1100 mcg/day. For infants and other younger groups, it is proportionately lower. Heavy Metals and Other Chemicals – Seaweed also contains some concentration of heavy metals and chemicals like mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic which can be poisonous. Significant consumption of these heavy metals present in seaweed can lead to medical complications like cancer, brain damage, gastrointestinal problems, and kidney diseases. In addition to this, people who need to limit their intake of salt because of certain health conditions should watch out for the sodium content in seaweed. It is advised that people should cautiously choose the quantity and variety of seaweed to be included in the diet. Pregnancy and Lactation: The surgical application of extracts of the seaweed laminaria during childbirth is not considered safe. Laminaria alters the hormones and may result in fatal infections or other serious conditions in both mothers and babies. Drug Interaction: Seaweed can interact with certain drugs like anti-thyroid and anti-coagulants, which may lead to various medical complications. The intake of iodine while undergoing treatment for overactive thyroid can lead to abnormal functioning of thyroid gland. Certain drugs like aspirin and warfarin, which are used as anti-coagulants to slow the clotting of blood, might be interfered with due to the blood-thinning effect of seaweed. Laboratory research has shown that slimming supplements containing Fucus vesiculosus, a seaweed used to combat obesity, might compromise the medicinal effects of the amiodarone drug. In case of any ongoing medical treatment or medication, it is always advisable to consult a medical professional regarding the intake of dietary seaweed. Seaweed helps in maintaining the electrolyte balance of the body. The anti-inflammatory effect has proven effective in the treatment of osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis as well. They possess healing properties that aid in enriched blood circulation and a robust immune system. https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/other/health-benefits-of-seaweeds.html
*Myelination in Development The human brain is not a finished organ at birth -- in fact, another 10 or 12 years are needed before even a general development is completed. Structural maturation of individual brain regions and their connecting pathways is required for the successful development of cognitive, motor, and sensory functions. This maturation eventually provides for a smooth flow of neural impulses throughout the brain, which allows for information to be integrated across the many spatially segregated brain regions involved in these functions. The speed of neural transmission is an important factor, and this depends not only on the junctions between nerve cells (synapses), but also on the structural properties of the connecting fibers (axons). Critical axon structural properties include their diameters and the thickness of the special insulation (myelin) around many fibers. Large groups of myelinated axons, which connect various regions in the brain, appear visibly as "white matter". Axons of the major pathways in the human brain, such as those of the corpus callosum (which connects the two halves of the brain) or the corticospinal tract (which connects the brain to the spinal cord and the rest of the body), continue to develop throughout childhood and adolescence. Postmortem studies suggest that axon diameters and myelin sheaths undergo conspicuous growth during the first two years of life, but may not be fully mature before adolescence or even late adulthood. The scarcity of human brain specimens for postmortem analysis has made it difficult to draw definite conclusions about the timetable of myelinization during childhood and adolescence. Our understanding of the propagation of nerve impulses represents an interesting convergence of physics and biology. The nerve impulse is a rapid propagating wave (approximately 1 millisecond in duration) of depolarization followed by repolarization. In the language of physics, the neuron axon behaves as an electrical transmission line with a transverse time-variant and voltage-dependent negative conductance element in parallel with a high capacitance. In fact, the equations describing the propagation of neuron action potentials derive from the classical equations for wave propagation along electrical transmission lines developed by Maxwell and Kelvin. As expected from these equations, the cross- sectional diameter of an axon is an important determinant of impulse propagation velocity: the larger the diameter, the greater the velocity of propagation. The myelin sheath that surrounds certain types of axons is a periodically interrupted electrical insulation, and on physical grounds it can be demonstrated that the effect of this type of insulation, considering the known electrical properties of the axon, is a substantial increase in pulse propagation velocity over that of a bare axon of the same diameter. Myelinization is thus a major aspect of the workings of neural circuits. http://www.cogweb.ucla.edu/CogSci/Myelinate.html
Celastrus is known as the Elixir of life. In Ayurvedic Medicine, the seeds are used to sharpen the memory and the seed oil is used as a tonic for memory loss. It has a powerful mind sharpening/memory enhancing effect and is used to promote longevity. It can be used comparatively to the new wave of chemical nootropics(a substance that enhances cognition and memory and facilitates learning) that have been hitting the internet market sold as smart drugs. Since many nootropics haven’t been studied for long periods of time, this herb can be a natural and safe way to discover what a nootropic can do for you (Especially since this seed has been used for thousands of years!)Great for studying or to keep focused for long periods of time. People with ADHD, Brain damage, Epilepsy, Memory problems and Alzheimer’s Disease may benefit greatly from this plant. Not only does it have potent memory enhancing effects during waking hours it also increases dream recollection significantly. A great way to fill your dream journal up in no time at all! http://www.dreamcatcherbotanicals.com/product/celastrus-seed-celastrus-paniculatus-1oz/